FREE ESSAY ON LAURA PURDY

LAURA PURDY

In Laura Purdy's essay "Are Pregnant Women Fetal Containers?" the issue that is dealt with
is the relationship between pregnant women and their unborn fetus. She feels that the
woman's rights to her body should outweigh the rights of the fetus. She argues that
pregnant woman are treated like second-class citizens in our society and that medical
decisions are placed upon them that are not necessary and unjust. Purdy also discusses
the role of the fetus, the moral duty of the mother, the bias against pregnant women in
our justice system, and society's role in the double standard. 
Many people think that women have an obligation to give up their rights to their bodies
when they become pregnant. Purdy says that this should not be because we have a moral
obligation to people, who are dependent on us, but that a fetus is not a person, even
though she realizes that the fetus is dependent on the mother. In order to support this
Purdy draws a comparison between pregnancy and parenthood, "…If parents are not
required to submit to bodily invasions to save a dying child, then a woman should not be
expected to do so for the benefit of a fetus; the converse is also true" (p 74).
According to Purdy, the medical community has adopted a philosophy that focuses on a
worst case scenario; mostly uncertain situations without proper probable cause. They
focus on fetal death or damage rather than anything else, including the mother's life.
Pregnant women are subject to forced Caesarians, forced prenatal or drug treatment and
invasive surgery; all without consent. This philosophy leads Purdy to the conclusion that
pregnant women are second-class citizens by comparing their court judgements in medical
cases to that of judgements in cases of the unconscious, criminals, and individuals with
mental problems. She says that the cases of the latter require more proof and take a lot
longer to decide then medical cases of pregnant women. She says that the unconscious,
criminals, and the mentally disabled have more safeguards protecting them than women do.

Society throws in many factors into the treatment of expectant mothers. The issues of the
availability of adequate health care to poverty stricken woman, the decision some women
must make because of hazards at their workplace and environmental issues such as smoking,
drinking, and drugs put women in a no win situation. Purdy best sums up her view on
health care in two statements, "Until we as a society act to make good, inexpensive,
convenient, and respectful care a priority, punishing women for lack of prenatal care
reeks of hypocrisy." (P 76) and "…Invading women's bodies to impose last minute,
heroic care is stupid, mean, and unfair." (P 76). Society is also partly to blame for the
lack of laws that would eliminate some toxins from workplaces that women of childbearing
age could be exposed to. The choice of whether to keep a good job or have children is
sometimes not an option for some families. This brings in a double standard for women too
because men are not asked to sacrifice their jobs for the sake of their sperm. Drugs,
smoking, and drinking are the main point of Purdy's last statements against our society.
She asks instead of punishing women for being addicted to a substance, why are we not
asking how they got there to begin with? Purdy points out that the treatment needed to
rid some mothers of addiction can take up to six months just to get in and at that point
there is probably serious damage already done. Her solution is to put in place more
socials programs to keep people from turning to drugs in the first place. 
Purdy concludes that we need a more caring society to deal with this difficult
relationship between the mother and her fetus. Every point in our society is unjust to
pregnant women, our justice system, our workplaces, our medical community, and the
community at large who treat expectant mothers differently. Her point is that they should
not be treated such, that their body is their responsibility and that people should not
interfere. 
Bibliography
from Bioethics, An Anthology
edited by Helga Kuhse and Peter Singer pg 71